Instrument for graphically recording series of observations



INSTRUMENT FOR GRAPHICALLY RECORDING SERIES OF OBSERVATIONS E. HOLLANDET AL July 8 1924.

INVOLVING TWO FACTORS Filed July 27. 1923 186 v fizz/em wai 7 25 7262ZozzaZ Patented July 8, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFECE.

EDWARD HOLLAND AND RONALD G. COLLINGWOOD, GE CAIRO, EGYPT.

INSTRUMENT FOR GRAPHICALLY RECORDING SERIES OF OBSERVATIONS INVOLVING-TWO FACTORS.

Application filed July 27,

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, EDWARD HOLLAND and RONALD GEORGE COLLINGWOOD, bothsubjects of the King of Great Britain, both residing in Cairo Egypt,have jointly invented acertain new and useful Instrument for GraphicallyRecording Series of Observations Involving Two Factors, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The invention relates to means for mechanically recording the results ofa series of observations involving two factors. The apparatus isspecially adapted for plotting the soundings of the bed of a river orcanal or the results of a survey of a district for railway or othersimilar purposes, but may be used for obtaining graphic records of manyother series of observations.

The accompanying drawings illustrate an example of an instrumentaccording to the invention.

Fig. 1 is an elevation part1 in section,

Fig. 2 is a front end elevation with parts removed,

Fig. 3 is a partial rear end elevation with parts removed,

Fig. l is a view partly in section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2,

5 is a s ction on the line 55 of Fig. 1, V

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the indicator.

1 is a hollow drum uniformly graduated on the external periphery bymarkings provided on spiral grooves or the like. A hollow spindle 2passes axially through the drum and is supported in a bracket 3 at thefront end and in a bracket 4 at the rear end of the drum. The brackets 3and 4 are approximately triangular in form and at their bases are eachprovided with bosses 5, 6 and 7, .8, through holes in which circularrods 9, 10 pass. Flanges 11, 12 on each rod bear against the bosses andare tightened up by nuts 13 provided at the screw threaded ends of therods.

The drum is rotated by a handle 1% inserted in a collar 15 secured tothe front end of the spindle 2- and bearing against the bracket 3.

At the rear end of the drum a. collar 16 is recessed to receive a flangeat the end of the spindle 2 and abuts against the front side of thebracket l.

A screw 18 having the same pitch 192-3. Serial No. 654,256.

the spiral grooves on the drum is coaxial with and disposed within thehollow spindle 2; the screw engages with a thread provided in a tubularextension 16 of the collar 16 which is journalled in the bearing 4 andis held thereon by a threaded ring 17. On the rotation of the drum in acounter-cloclnvise direction the screw is advanced to the right hand ofFig. l and carries with it a rectangular bar 19 to which it is securedby a clamping member 20 and the nuts 21. To the lower end of the bar 19is fastened a circular rod 22 which terminates in a screwthread 23inserted in a projecting lug 2-l (Fig. 6) of an indicator 25 whichslides on the rods 9 and 10 as it follows the move ments of the screw 18and rod 22.

A sliding sleeve 26 fits over the drum and can be set by hand to anygraduation of the spiral markings; the sleeve is also graduated on thesame scale as, but in the reversedirection to, the drum. The sleeve isconveniently held against the drum by leaf springs 27 faced by rubber 28(Fig. 3) and attached to metal strips 29 (Fig. 1) secured to the sleeveat 30. The pressure can be released at any time by means of the handgrip 31.

A counting device 32 of well-known type is connected by a. pinion 33 toa gear wheel 34 secured to the spindle 2 of the drum. The pinion issupported in the brac e and the counting wheels on a pin 35 (Figs. 1 and2) inserted in a boring of the bracket.

A carbon ribbon 70 is wound. in close proximity to the lower surface oithe court ing wheels..round bobbins 36 and 31.

Vertical bars 38 and 39 arranged on the opposite sides of the drum 1normally rest on a table 40 placed below the drum on which a sheet ofpaper is wound over rollers to receive the records.

.The drum with the indicating and count ing devices is pivoted to thetable at 4-1 (Fig. l) by an arm 42 and is depressed by hand by means ofan extension 43 or the bracket 8, after the indicator 25 has been set tothe required reading on the drum 1. so that a marking device, such as astylus pencil or the like 44 is brought into contact with the papersheet against the resistance of a spring 1-5.

At the same time the carbon ribbon 70, which is in contact with thecounting wheels,

is pressed on the paper sheet and the numerical value of thecorresponding ob.

servation recorded.

The bars 38 and 39 (Fig. 2) normally rest on the table 40 and when thedrum and the appertaining parts are depressed pins 16 attached to thebracket 3 slide in slots 47 of the" bars 38 and 39 against theresistance of a leaf spring 48 which is attached to pins 19 inserted inthese bars. The rlbbon is, consequently, only pressed in contact withthe counting Wheelsv while the impression is made on the paper sheet anddoes not impose any frictional resistance to the rotation of the wheels.At each depression of the racket, a pawl 50 is operated to rotate atoothed wheel 51 secured to the bobbin 37, a detent 52 holding the wheelstationary during the upward movement of the bracket 3.

The gear wheel 34. can be locked at any time by a detent 53 pivoted at54:.

The paper sheet 55 (Fig. 2) is wound over rollers 56 and 57 havingparallel longitudinally disposed axes. The paper is held in known manneragainst the periphery of the rollers by spring gripping devices 58, 59and is tautened by a spring roller 60 which presses the paper againstthe table 40, and a roller 61 which presses the paper against a roller62 on the opposite side of the table. 7

Handles 63 and 6% enable the winding rollers 56 and 57 to be rotatedfrom either end after each record through an angular displacement ofgiven amount and a free hand curve can be drawn on the removal of thepaper sheet through the points marked.

The drum 1 and the parts associated with it can be raised about thepivot 41 into the vertical position and held by a hook 65 pivoted at 66and engaging with a pin 67 secured to the arm 42 as shown in dottedlines in Fig. 1. The paper sheet can then be removed and replaced byanother sheet.

In some cases, for example where preliminary and final soundings aretaken of a river bed, an alternative position may be provided for themarking. device 4%, as shown in dotted lines, so that one set ofobservations is plotted with the marking de vice in the positionindicated by the full lines and the other set of observations With themarking devicein the position indicated This enables the results of aseries of observations entered in the note book of the observer 'to beafterwards graphically recorded at any convenient time and minimizes thetime required for plotting the results and also the possibilities ofnumerical mistakes on the part of the observer, since the setting of thesleeve to the datum line on the drum enables the operator to set theindex to the observed soundings or other observations without reducingthese observations to the true base line.

It 'is obvious that practically the same process can be carried out inland surveying operations and with appropriate modifications can be usedin many other applications in. which graphic records are required of aseries of observations of two independent factors.

The drum is conveniently divided into removable sections and the drumwith its gear wheel, frame and counting device can be readily removedand replaced by another of different range. 7

Having thus described the nature of the said invention and the bestmeans we know of carrying the same into practical effect, we claim 1. Aplotting device comprising a. hollow drum provided with graduations,means for rotating the drum and means for preventing axial movement ofthe drum, an index associated with said drum and adapted to be set toany graduation on the drum, means actuated by the rotation of said drumfor moving said index longitudinally of the drum, amarking devicecarried by the index, and means for causing the marking device to plotav mark on a recording sheet corresponding to every setting of theindex. 2. A plotting device comprising a drum having a. longitudinalscrew-threaded bore and provided with external spirally arrangedgraduations, means for rotating the drum, means for preventing axialmovement of the drum, a rod extending Within and having screw-threadsengageable with the screw-threads in the drum and movable axially of thedrum in dependence on the rotation of the drum, an index associated withsaid rod and movable longitudinally of: the drum with said rod andadapted to be set to any graduation on the drum, a marking deviceassociated with'the index, and means for causing the marking device toplot a mark on a recording sheet corresponding toevery setting of theindex.

3. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum having graduations on itsperiphery, means for rotating the drum and means for preventing axialmovement of the drum, a hollow spindle secured to the drum, bracketssupporting the front and rear ends of said,

spindle, a sleeve in saidrear bracket having an lnternal screw thread, ascrew threaded rod disposed axially within said spindle and engagingwith the screw thread of said sleeve, an index co-operating with thegraduations of said drum, and means for transmitting the axial movementof said screw to said index, a marking device attached to the index, andmeans for causing the marking device to plot a mark on a recording sheetcorresponding to every setting of the index.

4. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum, means for rotating thedrum, a hollow spindle. secured to said drum, a front and rear bracketsupporting said spindle, each bracket having apertures, rods passingthrough said apertures and provided adjacent their ends with screwthreads, nuts engaging said rods, a fixed support to which one bracketis hinged, an index associated with said drum and adapted to be set to'any graduation on the drum, means actuated by the rotation of said drumfor loving said index longitudinally of the drum, a marking deviceassociated with the index, and means for causing the marking device toplot a mark on a recording sheet corresponding to every setting of theindex.

5. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum, means for rotating thedrum, a hollow spindle secured to said drum, a front and rear bracketsupporting said spindle, each bracket having apertures, rods passingthrough said apertures and having screw threads at their ends, nutsengaging said rods, a xed support to which one bracket is hinged, asleeve on said rear bracket having an internal screw thread, a. screwthreaded rod disposed axially within said hollow spindle and engagingwith the screw thread of said sleeve, a bar secured to the rear ends ofsaid screw threaded rod, a rod disposed parallel to the axis of the drumand connected to said bar and carrying an index, said index beingsecured to said brackets and mounted to slide on said rods and adaptedto be set to any graduation on the drum, a marking device associatedwith said index, a. sheet of paper moved parallel to the axis of thedrum on said fixed support and receiving an impression from said markingdevice when the drum is moved downwards about the hinge of said bracket.

6. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum having spirally arrangedgraduations on its periphery, means for rotating the drum, a hollowspindle secured to the drum, a rear and a front bracket supporting saiddrum and said spindle in fixed axial position, a fixed support to whichone bracket is hinged, a sheet of paper moved on said fixed supportparallel to the axis of said drum, a screw threaded rod axially disposedwithin said hollow spindle, an internally screw threaded sleeve in oneof said brackets engaging with the screw thread of said rod, an indexco-operating with the graduations on said drum, and means for impartingthe axial movement or said screw threaded rod to said index, a recordingsheet moved parallel to the axis of the drum, and a marking deviceattached to said index, adapted to impress a mark on said sheet when thedrum and spindle are pressed downwards about the hinge of said bracket.

7. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum having spirally arrangedgraduations on its periphery, a hollow spindle secured to said drum,means for rotating said spindle, front and rear brackets supporting saidspindle, means associated with said brackets for preventing axialmovement or" said spindle, a screw threaded rod axially movable in saidspindle, an internally screw threaded nut secured to one of saidbrackets and engaging with the thread of said rod, an index co-operatingwith said spiral graduations on said drum, means for transmitting theaxial movements of said screw threaded rod to said index, a markingdevice associated with said index, means for moving a recording sheet inclose contact with said marking device, and means for bringing saidmarking device into contact with said sheet. 7

8. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum having graduations, meansfor rotating the drum and means for preventing axial movement of thedrum, an index associated with the drum, means actuated by the rotationof said drum for moving said index longitudinally of the drum, a markingdevice attached to said index, and means for causing the marking deviceto plot a mark on a recording sheet cm'responding to every setting ofthe index, and a counting device comprising counting wheels and gearingoperated by the rotation of said drum to actuate said counting wheels.

9. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum having spiral graduationsthereon, a hollow spindle secured to said drum, means for rotating saidspindle, front and rear backets supporting said spindle, means associated with said brackets preventing axial movement of said spindle, ascrew threaded rod axially movable in said spindle, an internally screwthreaded nut secured to one of said brackets and engaging with thethread of said rod, an index cot operating with said spiral graduationson said drum and means for transmitting the axial movements of saidscrew threaded rod to said index, a marking device attached to saidindex, means for moving a recording sheet in close contact with saidmarking device, means for bringing said marking device into contact withsaid sheet, and a counting device comprising counting wheels and gearingthere-for operated by the rotation of said drum to actuate said countingwheels.

10. A plotting device comprising a hol- =.low drum having graduationsthereon,

means forrotating the drum and means for preventing axial movement ofthe drum, an index associated with and movable longitudinally of thedrum, means actuated by the rotation of said drum for moving said indexlongitudinally of the drum, a marking device attached to said index,means for causing the marking device to plot a mark on a recording sheetcorresponding to every setting of theindex, a counting device comprisingcounting wheels and gearing oper-- ated by the rotation or" said drum toactuate said counting wheels, bobbins mounted on one of said bracketsand a carbon ribbon wound around said bobbins in close proximity to saidcounting wheels, and means for bringing said carbon ribbon into contactwith said recording sheet.

11. A plotting device comprising a hol low drum having graduations onits periphery, means for rotating the drum, means for preventing axialmovement of the drum, a spindle. secured to said drum, front and rearbrackets supporting said spindle, a hinge about which one of saidbrackets is pivoted, an index associated with and movable longitudinallyof the drum, means actuated by the rotation of said drum for Vmovingsaid index longitudinally of the drum, a marking device attached to saidindex, a fixed support, means for moving a recording sheet in closeproximity to said marking device, and means for depressing said drum andsaid marking device about said hinge to impress a mark on said sheet.

12. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum having graduations on itsperiphery, means for rotating the drum, means for preventing axialmovement of the drum, an index associated with and movablelongitudinally of the drum, means actuated by the rotation of said drumfor moving said index longitudinally of the drum, a mark ing deviceattached to said index, a counting device comprising counting wheels andgearing operated by the rotation of said drum to actuate said countingwheels, a spindle secured to said drum, front and rear bracketssupporting said spindle, a hinge about which one of said bracketsis'pivoted, bobbins mounted on the other of said-braclc ets, a carbonribbon wound round saidbobbins in close proximity to said countingwheels, a fixed support, means for moving a recording sheet on saidsupport, and means for depressing said ribbon and marking device aboutsaid hinge into contact with said recording sheet. V

'13. A plotting device comprising a hollow drum'having graduations onits periphery, a sleeve slida-ble on said drum and provided withgraduations, spring means between said sleeve and said drum providing ayielding connection between said sleeve and said drum, means forrotating the drum, and means for preventing axial movement ofthe drum,an index associated with and movable longitudinally of said drum andadapted to be set to any graduation on the drum, means actuated by therotation of said drum for moving said index longitudinally of the drum,a marking device associated with the index, and means for causing themarking device to plot amark on a recording sheet corresponding to everysetting of the index.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification.

n. HOLLAND. n e. ooLLmeWoon.

